Semax

▸ Overview

Semax is a synthetic nootropic peptide derived from a fragment of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone). It is investigated for its neuroprotective activity, cognitive enhancement and stimulation of nerve growth factor (NGF). Widely used in neuroscience research.

▸ Mechanism of action

• A heptapeptide derived from ACTH (4-7) with a Pro-Gly-Pro extension that increases its stability and nasal bioavailability.
• Stimulates the synthesis and release of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF).
• Enhances synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, improving memory and learning.
• Modulates the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, with effects on motivation, concentration and mood.
• Has neuroprotective properties: reduces neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia in experimental models.
• Activates the MAPK/ERK pathway in neurons, promoting neuronal survival and neuroplasticity.
• Approved in Russia for clinical use in stroke, cognitive impairment and depression.

▸ Administration

• Intranasal route: the most studied form; drops or nasal spray.
• Subcutaneous route: also used in research for greater bioavailability.
• Storage: refrigerate at 2–8 °C; sensitive to temperature and light.

▸ Timing

• Usually administered in the morning to take advantage of greater cognitive activity.
• Can be taken before high mental-demand activities.
• No strict fasting restrictions for the intranasal route.

▸ Dosing & cycles

• Cycles: typically 2–4 continuous weeks, with a break of similar duration.
• Some protocols use daily or every-other-day administration.
• Neuroprotective effects may be seen within the first weeks.

▸ Combinations

• Semax + Selank: a widely studied nootropic combination; cognitive + anxiolytic.
• Can be combined with BPC-157 in neuroprotection protocols.
• Studied alongside anti-aging peptides such as Epitalon.

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